· Canada edition: online, self-paced courses with certificate

Profession-specific standards

Ethics for Pharmacists

NAPRA and provincial pharmacy regulators applied to dispensing, advice, conflicts of interest, dispensing-error disclosure, shortages and controlled substances

  • 2hours (estimated)
  • 7sections
  • 10final questions
  • 80%pass mark
  • PDFcertificate
  • Online and self-paced, on any device
  • Reflective account template
  • Knowledge checks in every section
  • Instant certificate of completion

Written province by provinceUpdated 25 October 2026

What you will learn

  • Explain the importance of ethics in pharmacy practice and the roles of NAPRA and provincial pharmacy regulators.
  • Apply autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice to dispensing, advice and medication safety.
  • Apply ethical standards to confidentiality, competence, boundaries and conflicts of interest, including commercial targets.
  • Disclose dispensing errors honestly and manage them in line with the duty of candour.
  • Navigate ethical challenges in shortages, expanding scope, access to medicines and controlled substances.
  • Use reflection, insight and remediation to respond to a concern and strengthen practice.

Who this course is for

Pharmacists and pharmacy technicians regulated in any Canadian province or territory, including pharmacy managers and those responding to a complaint or investigation.

After a concern

Structured learning and a written reflection to show insight after a complaint, an investigation or a college inquiry.

Routine CPD

Focused learning on a core standard of practice, with a certificate and reflection for your portfolio.

About this course

Pharmacists are among the most accessible health professionals, often making decisions about dispensing, advice and medication safety without a prescriber present. This course applies the four core principles to Canadian pharmacy practice and explains the regulatory framework: provincial regulators such as the Ontario College of Pharmacists, the Alberta College of Pharmacy, the College of Pharmacists of British Columbia and the Ordre des pharmaciens du Québec, with NAPRA's Model Standards and National Drug Schedules at the national level.

It sets out the standards expected of pharmacists and technicians: honest dispensing and advice, confidentiality, competence and safe systems, conflicts of interest and professional boundaries. It then applies them to consent for expanding-scope services, disclosure of dispensing errors, drug shortages and overtreatment, and public-health responsibilities, with worked cases on medication-review targets and a wrong-strength dispensing error, and a checklist for concerns about a prescription.

The final sections cover common breaches, how pharmacy regulators investigate and what outcomes follow, controlled substances as a high-risk area, and how reflection, insight and remediation protect the public and support your growth. It suits pharmacy professionals in community, hospital and other settings, including those responding to a complaint.

Course details

Learning time
2 hours (estimated learning time including knowledge checks, reflection and assessment)
Standards covered
NAPRA Model Standards of Practice for Pharmacists and Pharmacy Technicians and National Drug Schedules; provincial regulators including the Ontario College of Pharmacists, Alberta College of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacists of BC and Ordre des pharmaciens du Québec; Ontario Pharmacy Act, 1991, Regulated Health Professions Act, 1991 and Drug and Pharmacies Regulation Act; BC Health Professions and Occupations Act and Pharmacy Operations and Drug Scheduling Act; Alberta Health Professions Act and Pharmacy and Drug Act; Quebec Pharmacy Act and Professional Code; Controlled Drugs and Substances Act; PHIPA and PIPEDA; ISMP Canada; apology legislation
Format
Online and self-paced: gated lessons with knowledge checks, case studies, a reflective account and a final assessment
Assessment
10 multiple-choice questions, 80% to pass (8 of 10), with explanations after each attempt
Outcome
Certificate of completion and a written reflective account you can keep for your CPD or quality-assurance record

Course curriculum

7 sections · 27 lessons · 2 hours (estimated) · 10-question final assessment

  1. 1Introduction4 lessons
    • Why ethics matters in Canadian pharmacy practice
    • The regulatory framework: NAPRA and provincial and territorial pharmacy colleges
    • Province-by-province notes
    • Ethics as the foundation of trust in medicines and patient care
  2. 2Core Ethical Principles4 lessons
    • Autonomy: respecting patient rights and informed choice
    • Beneficence: acting in the patient’s best interests
    • Non-maleficence: the duty to do no harm
    • Justice: fairness, equity, and cultural safety
  3. 3Ethical Standards5 lessons
    • Honesty, transparency, and integrity in dispensing and advice
    • Confidentiality and patient health information
    • Maintaining competence and safe practice
    • Managing conflicts of interest in pharmacy
    • Professional boundaries in the pharmacist-patient relationship
  4. 4Ethics in Decision-Making4 lessons
    • Informed consent and shared decision-making in pharmacy practice
    • Truth-telling and disclosure of dispensing errors
    • Ethical challenges in medication supply, shortages, and overtreatment
    • Ethical issues in access to medicines and public health responsibilities
  5. 5Breaches & Consequences4 lessons
    • Common breaches in pharmacy practice
    • How concerns are reported and investigated by pharmacy regulators
    • Possible outcomes of investigations
    • Impact of ethical breaches
  6. 6Reflection, Insight & Remediation5 lessons
    • Self-awareness as the basis of ethical growth
    • Reflective practice as required by pharmacy regulators
    • Demonstrating insight when standards are questioned
    • Remediation options: CPD, mentorship, counselling, or practice changes
    • How reflection and remediation protect the public and support growth
  7. 7Conclusion & Key Takeaways1 lesson
    • Key takeaways

Assessment and certificate

Final assessment

10scenario-based questions

  • Pass mark 80%: 8 correct out of 10
  • Knowledge checks in each section as you go
  • Tests whether you can apply the standards, not recall a page
  • Not passed yet? Review the sections and retake it

Certificate of completion

A certificate of completion for your learning portfolio.

  • Your name, the course title and the estimated learning time (record the time you actually spend)
  • Completion date and a unique certificate ID that can be verified
  • Ready to download as a PDF as soon as you complete the course

Your reflective account

The course includes a structured reflective account template: guided prompts to record what you learned, how you will apply it and how the change will show in your practice. It gives you written evidence of insight after a concern, and a ready record for your CPD portfolio.

Write it in your own words and leave out anything that could identify a patient, a colleague or a case. If you have an open complaint or case, talk to your adviser before reflecting on it in writing.

Questions about this course

Is this course for pharmacy technicians too?

Yes. It is written for pharmacists and pharmacy technicians in Canada. Pharmacy regulators license both people and premises, so the course also notes that a pharmacist acting as pharmacy manager can be accountable for how the pharmacy operates.

What is NAPRA's role?

NAPRA is the alliance of Canada's pharmacy regulators. It develops the Model Standards of Practice for pharmacists and pharmacy technicians and manages the National Drug Schedules, but it does not license individuals; provincial regulators such as the Ontario College of Pharmacists and the Alberta College of Pharmacy adopt or adapt its standards.

How should I disclose a dispensing error?

Section 4.2 covers informing the patient, and the prescriber where relevant, promptly; explaining what happened; apologizing sincerely; correcting the error; and reporting and reviewing it. A worked case about a strength dispensed twice as high shows the conversation and follow-up.

Does it address commercial targets?

Yes. A worked case looks at a weekly target for publicly funded medication reviews and a manager's suggestion to complete short reviews at pick-up, and Section 3.4 covers incentives, targets and manufacturer relationships.

Are controlled substances covered?

Yes. A dedicated part of Section 5 explains why many serious pharmacy discipline cases involve narcotics and controlled substances, and the record-keeping and security duties under the federal Controlled Drugs and Substances Act and its regulations.

Does it cover drug shortages and expanding scope?

Yes. It covers fair, transparent management of shortages, and the ethics of expanding scope, such as prescribing for minor ailments, renewing prescriptions and administering vaccines, including consent for those services. There is also a checklist for when you have concerns about a prescription.

How is the course assessed?

A final assessment of 10 multiple-choice questions with an 80% pass mark, plus a reflective account and a certificate of completion. It takes about 2 hours online and costs CA$95. Your regulator decides what it accepts for continuing competency.

How this course was built

Official sources only

Every legal and regulatory point comes from primary sources: provincial and territorial health professions statutes, the regulatory colleges' standards and codes, and federal and provincial privacy law. Anything we cannot confirm is left out.

Original, edition by edition

Lessons, scenarios and assessment questions are written by us for each edition separately, then checked for accuracy, teaching quality and fair assessment before publication.

Reviewed when rules change

When a code, standard or law changes, the affected courses are reviewed and updated. Reported errors in legal or regulatory facts are corrected first.

Page updated 25 October 2026

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