· United States edition: online, self-paced courses with certificate

Patient safety and medicines

Quality Improvement and Clinical Audit

Using the Model for Improvement, PDSA cycles, run charts and practice audit to make measurable, lasting change in US health care

  • 3hours
  • 10sections
  • 20final questions
  • 80%pass mark
  • PDFcertificate
  • Online and self-paced, on any device
  • Reflective account template
  • Knowledge checks in every section
  • Instant certificate of completion

Reviewed by our expert editorial team · how we check every course

Written for US practiceUpdated 5 October 2026

What you will learn

  • Define health care quality using the six aims and Donabedian's structure, process and outcome model, and distinguish QI from quality assurance, audit, root cause analysis and research.
  • Describe the US bodies that drive quality improvement, including CMS, AHRQ, accreditors, measure developers and IHI.
  • Apply the three questions of the Model for Improvement to write a specific, measurable aim and form an effective team.
  • Use process maps, driver diagrams, Pareto charts and change concepts to select changes, and plan PDSA cycles with predictions and ramps.
  • Build a family of outcome, process and balancing measures with operational definitions, and choose practical sampling methods.
  • Interpret run charts using the four run chart rules and distinguish common cause from special cause variation.
  • Design and complete a clinical audit cycle with specific criteria, standards, reliable data collection and re-audit.
  • Explain the QAPI requirements of 42 CFR 482.21 and 483.75, MIPS improvement activity rules and profession-specific improvement expectations.
  • Apply OHRP guidance on QI and research, HIPAA rules on health care operations and the limits of peer review and patient safety protections.
  • Sustain and spread improvements, and present personal QI work credibly as evidence of insight and remediation.

Who this course is for

U.S. licensed health professionals: physicians, PAs, nurses and APRNs, pharmacists, dentists and dental hygienists and other licensees who lead, join or are measured by improvement and audit work.

After a concern

Structured learning and a written reflection to show insight after a complaint, an investigation or a board inquiry.

Routine learning

Focused learning on a core standard of practice, with a certificate and reflection for your portfolio.

About this course

This course teaches the practical methods of quality improvement (QI) and clinical audit used in US health care. It covers the definition of quality and the six aims, Donabedian's model, and how QI differs from quality assurance, audit, root cause analysis and research; the Model for Improvement, aim statements, process maps, driver diagrams and PDSA cycles; outcome, process and balancing measures, operational definitions, sampling, run charts and control charts; the clinical audit cycle, criteria, standards, re-audit, OPPE and FPPE; and the federal and professional programs that require or reward improvement, including CMS QAPI rules for hospitals and nursing homes, MIPS improvement activities, ABMS continuing certification, QSEN, PQA and Dental Quality Alliance measures.

It is written for physicians, PAs, nurses and APRNs, pharmacists, dentists and dental hygienists and allied licensees in any state and any setting, from large hospitals to small practices, community pharmacies and dental offices. Cases are set across states including Wisconsin, Kansas, Arizona, Georgia, Florida, Michigan, Pennsylvania, Montana, Indiana, Iowa, Ohio, Texas, California, Maryland, Washington and New Mexico, and the final lesson follows a complete personal practice improvement project from aim to re-audit.

QI is now part of what US health care expects of every licensee, through Medicare Conditions of Participation, payment programs, board certification and professional codes. When a concern is raised about practice, measurable improvement is also among the most convincing evidence of insight and remediation. This course goes beyond this site's courses on root cause analysis and risk management by focusing on improvement science, measurement and audit, and on the ethical and legal handling of QI work, including the line between QI and research.

Course details

Learning time
Approximately 3 hours (estimated learning time including knowledge checks, reflection and assessment)
Standards covered
CMS QAPI Conditions of Participation, 42 CFR 482.21 (hospitals) and 42 CFR 483.75 (long-term care) and the QAPI Five Elements; MIPS improvement activities, 42 CFR 414.1355-414.1380; IHI Model for Improvement; AHRQ Quality Indicators and National Healthcare Quality and Disparities Report; ABMS Standards for Continuing Certification (2021, effective 2024); QSEN competencies; OHRP Quality Improvement Activities FAQs and 45 CFR Part 46; HIPAA health care operations, 45 CFR 164.501; Patient Safety and Quality Improvement Act of 2005; Health Care Quality Improvement Act of 1986
Format
Self-paced, gated lessons with knowledge checks, case studies and reflection
Assessment
20 scenario-based questions, 80% to pass (16 of 20)
Outcome
Certificate of completion and a written reflection for your learning record

Course curriculum

10 sections · 24 lessons · 3 hours · 20-question final assessment

  1. 1Quality improvement in US health care3 lessons
    • What quality and quality improvement mean
    • The US quality landscape
    • Why quality improvement is part of your professional role
  2. 2The Model for Improvement and PDSA3 lessons
    • The Model for Improvement: three questions and a good aim
    • Understanding the process and choosing changes
    • Testing changes with PDSA cycles
  3. 3Measurement for improvement3 lessons
    • Measurement for improvement
    • Collecting data without drowning in it
    • Run charts and statistical process control
  4. 4Clinical audit and practice review3 lessons
    • The clinical audit cycle
    • Designing an audit that produces trustworthy results
    • From results to change: interpretation, peer review and re-audit
  5. 5US programs that require or reward improvement3 lessons
    • QAPI in hospitals and nursing homes: where your project fits
    • MIPS improvement activities and other value programs
    • Improvement expectations by profession
  6. 6Ethics, law and equity in quality improvement3 lessons
    • Quality improvement or research? Ethics and oversight
    • Privacy, confidentiality and legal protection of QI work
    • Equity, unintended consequences and patient partnership
  7. 7Leading, sustaining and using improvement in your career3 lessons
    • Leading improvement: people, culture and other methods
    • Sustaining and spreading improvement
    • Quality improvement, your practice and your license
  8. 8Conclusion and key points1 lesson
    • Conclusion and key points
  9. 9References and further reading1 lesson
    • References and further reading
  10. 10Your reflective account1 lesson
    • Your reflective account

Assessment and certificate

Final assessment

20scenario-based questions

  • Pass mark 80%: 16 correct out of 20
  • Knowledge checks in each section as you go
  • Tests whether you can apply the standards, not recall a page
  • Not passed yet? Review the sections and retake it

Certificate of completion

Certificate of completion. Not CE or CME credit unless accepted by your board.

  • Your name, the course title and the hours
  • Completion date and a unique certificate ID that can be verified
  • Ready to download as a PDF as soon as you complete the course
Sample certificate of completion issued to a sample learner
Sample certificate. Yours shows your name, the course, the completion date and a certificate number anyone can verify.

Your reflective account

The course includes a structured reflective account template: guided prompts to record what you learned, how you will apply it and how the change will show in your practice. It gives you written evidence of insight after a concern, and a ready record for your learning portfolio.

Write it in your own words and leave out anything that could identify a patient, a colleague or a case. If you have an open complaint or case, talk to your adviser before reflecting on it in writing.

Questions about this course

How does QI differ from a clinical audit?

Clinical audit measures practice against explicit criteria and standards, then re-audits after change. Quality improvement uses methods such as the Model for Improvement and PDSA cycles to test changes and learn quickly. The course explains how they fit together and how both differ from quality assurance, root cause analysis and research.

What are the four run chart rules?

The rules help you spot non-random signals: a shift (six or more consecutive points above or below the median), a trend (five or more points all going up or down), too many or too few runs, and an astronomical data point. The course shows how to apply them and when a control chart is more appropriate.

When does a QI project need IRB review?

When it becomes research, meaning a systematic investigation designed to produce generalizable knowledge. The course applies OHRP guidance on the boundary between QI and research, HIPAA rules on health care operations and the limits of peer review and patient safety protections for QI data.

Can QI work help show insight after a board concern?

It can. Measurable improvement in your own practice is some of the strongest proof of insight and remediation you can offer, provided it is genuine and well documented. The last lesson walks one personal improvement project all the way from its aim to the re-audit, ready for you to adapt.

What is included in the quality improvement course?

About three online hours for $89, with cases from many settings. Checks per section, a final of 20 questions (16 to pass), then a certificate and a reflection built around your own improvement project. MOC, MIPS or CE credit is not claimed.

How this course was built

Official sources only

Every legal and regulatory point comes from primary sources: state practice acts and board rules, federal law and national professional codes of ethics. Anything we cannot confirm is left out.

Original, edition by edition

Lessons, scenarios and assessment questions are written by us for each edition separately, then checked for accuracy, teaching quality and fair assessment before publication.

Reviewed when rules change

When a code, standard or law changes, the affected courses are reviewed and updated. Reported errors in legal or regulatory facts are corrected first.

Page updated 5 October 2026

Related courses

All courses
Patient safety and medicines3 hours

Clinical Risk Management

Proactive risk management for licensees: hazards, likelihood and severity, FMEA, stronger controls, escalation and high-risk clinical domains.

20-question final assessment, 80% pass

US$893 hours · 20 questions
Enrol now