· Singapore edition: online, self-paced courses with certificate

Patient safety and medicines

Quality Improvement and Clinical Audit

Measuring, testing and sustaining better, fairer care in Singapore practice, with audits that answer real questions and change what you do

  • 3hours (estimated)
  • 10sections
  • 20final questions
  • 80%pass mark
  • PDFcertificate
  • Online and self-paced, on any device
  • Reflective account template
  • Knowledge checks in every section
  • Instant certificate of completion

Written for Singapore's boardsUpdated 25 October 2026

What you will learn

  • Distinguish quality assurance, clinical audit and quality improvement, and describe the dimensions of quality, including fairness across groups of patients.
  • Describe how the Healthcare Services Act, the serious reportable events framework and national guidance shape quality work in Singapore, and where to find audit standards.
  • Explain how professional codes and CME or CPE requirements relate to reviewing and improving your own practice.
  • Write improvement aims and test changes using the Model for Improvement and Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles.
  • Select outcome, process and balancing measures with clear operational definitions, and interpret run charts and control charts.
  • Design a clinical audit with evidence-based criteria, a sound sample and lawful handling of patient data under the PDPA.
  • Choose stronger, system-level actions and build improvements that last and spread.
  • Partner with patients and families, design for fairness in a multilingual society and apply proportionate ethical oversight, recognising when a project may be research.
  • Respond honestly when audit reveals a shortfall in your own practice and explain the limits of protection for quality information.
  • Use a complete audit cycle as evidence of insight and lead improvement in your team.

Who this course is for

Registered health professionals in Singapore: doctors, nurses and midwives, dentists and oral health therapists, pharmacists, optometrists and opticians, and allied health professionals, including those planning a personal audit, leading an improvement project or responding to a quality finding or complaint.

After a concern

Structured learning and a written reflection to show insight after a complaint, an investigation or a board inquiry.

Routine CPD

Focused learning on a core standard of practice, with a certificate and reflection for your portfolio.

About this course

This course teaches the practical methods of quality improvement and clinical audit as they apply in Singapore. You will learn to set improvement aims, use the Model for Improvement and Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles, choose outcome, process and balancing measures, read run charts and control charts, and design a clinical audit with evidence-based criteria, sound sampling and lawful handling of patient data under the Personal Data Protection Act 2012. It places this work in the Singapore setting: licensing and clinical governance under the Healthcare Services Act 2020, the serious reportable events framework and quality assurance committees, national guidance such as the National Guidelines on High Alert Medications and ACE Clinical Guidances, and the research boundary set by the Human Biomedical Research Act 2015.

It is written for doctors, nurses and midwives, dentists and oral health therapists, pharmacists, optometrists and opticians, and allied health professionals in hospitals, polyclinics, community hospitals, nursing homes and private practice. It shows how to audit your own practice in a way that is proportionate and repeatable, how to record the work alongside your CME or CPE learning, and how to choose actions that redesign the system rather than relying on reminders.

Improvement in Singapore must also be fair. The course shows how to involve patients and family caregivers, how to stratify results by language, age, living situation and other factors so that averages do not hide gaps, and how to report findings respectfully. It ends with professional accountability: the limits of legal protection for quality information, why manipulating audit data is a serious probity concern, and how a complete audit cycle provides credible evidence of insight after a complaint or incident.

Course details

Learning time
Approximately 3 hours of structured learning (estimated time including knowledge checks, reflection and assessment); whether it counts towards CME or CPE is decided by your board or accreditor
Standards covered
Healthcare Services Act 2020 (licensing roles, serious reportable events, quality assurance committees); Personal Data Protection Act 2012 and PDPC Advisory Guidelines for the Healthcare Sector; Human Biomedical Research Act 2015; Mental Capacity Act 2008; Civil Law Act s 37; MOH National Guidelines on High Alert Medications (2021); national infection prevention and control guidelines; ACE Clinical Guidances; SMC Ethical Code and Ethical Guidelines (2016); SNB Code for Nurses and Midwives (2018); SDC, SPC, AHPC and OOB codes; CME and CPE requirements of each board
Format
Self-paced, gated lessons with knowledge checks, case studies and reflection
Assessment
20 scenario-based questions, 80% to pass (16 of 20)
Outcome
Certificate of completion and a written reflection for your learning records
Alignment
Mapped to quality and clinical governance expectations under the Healthcare Services Act, national patient safety guidance and the professional codes of Singapore's health professional boards

Course curriculum

10 sections · 24 lessons · 3 hours (estimated) · 20-question final assessment

  1. 1Quality in Singapore: concepts, framework and obligations3 lessons
    • Quality, assurance, improvement and audit: telling them apart
    • The Singapore quality landscape
    • Quality improvement as a professional obligation
  2. 2The Model for Improvement and testing change3 lessons
    • Three questions that structure every improvement
    • Understanding the system and generating change ideas
    • Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles done properly
  3. 3Measurement for improvement3 lessons
    • Outcome, process and balancing measures
    • Run charts: seeing change over time
    • Variation, control charts and fair comparison
  4. 4Designing a clinical audit3 lessons
    • The audit cycle and when to use it
    • Standards, criteria and targets
    • Sampling, data collection and the PDPA
  5. 5From findings to sustained improvement3 lessons
    • Interpreting and presenting results honestly
    • Choosing actions that change practice
    • Re-audit, sustainability and spread
  6. 6Patients, families, fairness and ethics in improvement3 lessons
    • Partnering with patients and families
    • Fairness and equity in a multi-ethnic, multilingual society
    • Ethics of quality improvement
  7. 7Quality improvement in your own practice and professional accountability3 lessons
    • Auditing your own practice across the professions
    • When audit reveals a shortfall in your own practice
    • Using improvement to show insight and lead change
  8. 8Conclusion and key points1 lesson
    • Conclusion and key points
  9. 9References and further reading1 lesson
    • References and further reading
  10. 10Your reflective account1 lesson
    • Your reflective account

Assessment and certificate

Final assessment

20scenario-based questions

  • Pass mark 80%: 16 correct out of 20
  • Knowledge checks in each section as you go
  • Tests whether you can apply the standards, not recall a page
  • Not passed yet? Review the sections and retake it

Certificate of completion

A certificate of completion for your learning portfolio.

  • Your name, the course title and the estimated learning time (record the time you actually spend)
  • Completion date and a unique certificate ID that can be verified
  • Ready to download as a PDF as soon as you complete the course

Your reflective account

The course includes a structured reflective account template: guided prompts to record what you learned, how you will apply it and how the change will show in your practice. It gives you written evidence of insight after a concern, and a ready record for your CPD portfolio.

Write it in your own words and leave out anything that could identify a patient, a colleague or a case. If you have an open complaint or case, talk to your adviser before reflecting on it in writing.

Questions about this course

What is the difference between clinical audit and quality improvement?

Clinical audit asks how closely practice matches an agreed, evidence-based standard and is completed by action and re-audit. Quality improvement tests changes in small cycles linked to measurement. The course teaches both and shows when each is the right tool.

Does it cover the Singapore regulatory setting?

Yes. It explains the quality roles created by the Healthcare Services Act, including the principal officer and clinical governance officer, the serious reportable events framework, quality assurance committees, and national guidance you can use as audit standards.

How should I handle patient data in an audit?

The course applies the Personal Data Protection Act and the PDPC healthcare guidance to audit: collect only what you need, use codes instead of names and NRIC numbers, keep data within your organisation's systems, delete working files when done and report any lapse promptly to your data protection officer.

When does a QI project become research?

When it aims to create generalisable knowledge, departs from standard care, uses randomisation or control groups, or collects samples or new data beyond routine practice. Such projects may fall under the Human Biomedical Research Act, so the course advises asking your IRB or research office before starting.

Will a personal audit count towards my CME or CPE?

That depends on your board's current rules for the activity, so check before relying on it. The course shows how to design a proportionate personal audit and record it with your learning records, which is worthwhile whether or not it earns points.

Are audit reports legally protected?

Usually not. The Healthcare Services Act gives specific protections to the work of quality assurance committees, but an ordinary ward, clinic or personal audit is not protected simply because its purpose is quality. The course explains how to write audit reports with that in mind.

Can this course satisfy an audit or training requirement after a complaint?

No course can promise that. Any requirement set by a board, committee, tribunal or employer is theirs to define and accept, so check with them or your lawyer first. The course does show how a complete audit cycle provides credible evidence of insight and change.

How this course was built

Official sources only

Every legal and regulatory point comes from primary sources: the Acts that set up each professional board, the boards' own codes and guidance, and the Ministry of Health. Anything we cannot confirm is left out.

Original, edition by edition

Lessons, scenarios and assessment questions are written by us for each edition separately, then checked for accuracy, teaching quality and fair assessment before publication.

Reviewed when rules change

When a code, standard or law changes, the affected courses are reviewed and updated. Reported errors in legal or regulatory facts are corrected first.

Page updated 25 October 2026

Related courses

All courses
Patient safety and medicines3 hours

Systems Analysis After Adverse Events

Root cause analysis and systems review of harm in Singapore: SRE licence conditions, QACs, interviews, contributory factors, strong actions and just culture.

20-question final assessment, 80% pass

Patient safety and medicines3 hours

Clinical Risk Management

Find, rate and control clinical risk in Singapore: the HCSA framework, MOH serious reportable events, human factors, the hierarchy of controls, WSH duties and learning that lasts.

20-question final assessment, 80% pass

Records, competence and development2 hours

Reflective Practice for Health Practitioners

Reflect with purpose: Gibbs, Driscoll, Johns and Brookfield, CME and CPE requirements across the Boards, statements after a concern and the legal limits on reflective notes.

20-question final assessment, 80% pass

S$1253 hours (estimated) · 20 questions
Enrol now